Massachusetts Wildlife Rehabilitator Practice Exam

What is the correct statement about water as a fluid for animals?

1. Water is an isotonic fluid and can be given subcutaneously.

2. Water is a hypotonic solution that can only be given orally.

3. Water can be provided at any time without precautions.

4. Water is best administered intravenously.

The correct answer is: Water is a hypotonic solution that can only be given orally.

The assertion that water is a hypotonic solution and can only be given orally is accurate in the context of animal physiology and hydration. Water, when referred to as hypotonic, indicates that it has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the cells in the body. This property affects how water interacts with animal cells. When water is introduced into the body, if it is delivered in excess or through the wrong route, it can lead to cellular swelling due to osmosis, causing potential harm. The preference for oral administration in many rehabilitation scenarios aligns with natural drinking behaviors of animals and minimizes the risks associated with inappropriate fluid administration. Administering water orally allows the animal to regulate its own intake and reduces the stress and complications associated with intravenous administration. While hydration is critical, particularly in rehabilitation, there are important considerations when deciding how and when to administer fluids. A careful approach to fluid administration is necessary to prevent electrolyte imbalances and ensure the animal's safety and health.